The volume describes and analyzes how the costs of litigation in civil
procedure are distributed in key countries around the world. It compares
the various approaches, draws general conclusions from that comparison,
and presents global trends as well as common problems and solutions. In
particular, the book deals with three principal questions: First, who
pays for civil litigation costs, i.e., to what extent do losers have to
make winners whole? Second, how much money is at stake, i.e., how
expensive is civil litigation in the respective jurisdictions? And
third, whose money is ultimately spent, i.e., how are civil litigation
costs distributed through mechanisms like legal aid, litigation
insurance, collective actions, and success oriented fees? Inter alia,
the study reveals a general trend towards deregulation of lawyer fees as
well as a substantial correlation between the burden of litigation costs
and membership of a jurisdiction in the civil and common law families.
This study is the result of the XVIIIth World Congress of Comparative
Law held under the auspices of the International Academy of Comparative
Law.