Yahagi, the second Japanese warship of that name, was the third of the
four Agano-class vessels (the other three being Agano, Noshiro and
Sakawa). Construction of the Agano-class cruisers was approved by the
Japanese parliament (Diet) in March 1939 under the Fourth Naval
Armaments Enhancement Program (Dai-Yon-Ji Kaigun Gunbi Jūjitsu Keikaku),
also known as the "Four-in-Circle" Program (Maru Yon Keikaku), or simply
Maru 4. Under the terms of the program, the four light cruisers (kei
jun'yōkan), also referred to as type B cruisers (otsu-gata jun'yōkan, or
simply otsu jun) were officially classed as second-class cruisers (ni-tō
jun'yōkan), and were to fulfill the role of destroyer squadron
flagships. At that time destroyer squadrons (DesRon), called literarily
torpedo squadrons (suirai sentai), consisted of four four-ship destroyer
divisions (DesDiv, or kuchiku-tai).