In the name of agriculture, urban growth, and disease control, humans
have drained, filled, or otherwise destroyed nearly 87 percent of the
world's wetlands over the past three centuries. Unintended consequences
include biodiversity loss, poor water quality, and the erosion of
cultural sites, and only in the past few decades have wetlands been
widely recognized as worth preserving. Emily O'Gorman asks, What has
counted as a wetland, for whom, and with what consequences?
Using the Murray-Darling Basin--a massive river system in eastern
Australia that includes over 30,000 wetland areas--as a case study and
drawing on archival research and original interviews, O'Gorman examines
how people and animals have shaped wetlands from the late nineteenth
century to today. She illuminates deeper dynamics by relating how
Aboriginal peoples acted then and now as custodians of the landscape,
despite the policies of the Australian government; how the movements of
water birds affected farmers; and how mosquitoes have defied efforts to
fully understand, let alone control, them. Situating the region's
history within global environmental humanities conversations, O'Gorman
argues that we need to understand wetlands as socioecological landscapes
in order to create new kinds of relationships with and futures for these
places.