James Joyce's Ulysses is a modern version of Homer's Odyssey, but
Joyce--who was a better scholar of Latin than of Greek--also was deeply
influenced by the Aeneid, Virgil's epic poem about the journey of
Aeneas and the foundation of Rome.
Joyce wrote Ulysses during the Irish War of Independence, when
militants, politicians, and intellectuals were attempting to create a
new Irish nation. Virgil wrote the Aeneid when, in the wake of decades
of civil war, Augustus was founding what we now call the Roman Empire.
Randall Pogorzelski applies modern theories of nationalism,
intertextuality, and reception studies to illuminate how both writers
confronted issues of nationalism, colonialism, political violence, and
freedom during times of crisis.