Since 1992, new issues have arisen in international taxation--for
example, taxation of electronic commerce, novel means of shielding
passive income, the World Trade Organization (WTO) debate over the
foreign sales corporation and subsequent passage of the American Jobs
Creation Act of 2004, the problem of corporate inversions, and alleged
"earnings stripping" by foreign-based multinational enterprises (MNEs)
operating in the United States. In the meantime, US-based MNEs operating
abroad have used a variety of methods to cut the effective US tax on
repatriated foreign source income to around 2 percent. This revised
study analyzes the impact of taxes on industry location and profit
shifting using new panel econometric studies. It also discusses and
evaluates new paradigms that have been suggested for the international
tax system.