The infections that affect the urinary tract are termed as urinary tract
infections (UTIs). These include bladder infections and kidney
infections. Bladder infections or cystitis are the infections that
affect the lower part of the urinary tract. Kidney infections or
pyelonephritis are the infections that affect the upper part of the
urinary tract. Symptoms of cystitis include frequent urination, pain
with urination and feeling the need to urinate despite having an empty
bladder. Symptoms associated with pyelonephritis are fever and flank
pain along with the symptoms of cystitis. In some cases, urine may
appear bloody. A few of the risk factors of UTIs are diabetes, family
history, obesity, female anatomy and sexual intercourse. From theories
to research, case studies related to all contemporary topics of
relevance to this field have been included in this book. Its aim is to
give a general view of the pathophysiology and clinical management of
urinary tract infections. This book will help new researchers by
foregrounding their knowledge in this branch.