This book presents models written as partial differential equations and
originating from various questions in population biology, such as
physiologically structured equations, adaptive dynamics, and bacterial
movement. It develops appropriate mathematical tools and qualitative
properties of the solutions (long time behavior, concentration
phenomena, asymptotic behavior, regularizing effects, blow-up or
dispersion). The book describes such original mathematical methods as
the generalized relative entropy method, a unique method to tackle most
of the problems in population biology; the description of Dirac
concentration effects using a new type of Hamilton-Jacobi equations; and
a general point of view on chemotaxis including various scales of
description leading to kinetic, parabolic or hyperbolic equations.