Solomon Lefschetz pioneered the field of topology--the study of the
properties of many-sided figures and their ability to deform, twist, and
stretch without changing their shape. According to Lefschetz, "If it's
just turning the crank, it's algebra, but if it's got an idea in it,
it's topology." The very word topology comes from the title of an
earlier Lefschetz monograph published in 1920. In Topics in Topology
Lefschetz developed a more in-depth introduction to the field, providing
authoritative explanations of what would today be considered the basic
tools of algebraic topology.
Lefschetz moved to the United States from France in 1905 at the age of
twenty-one to find employment opportunities not available to him as a
Jew in France. He worked at Westinghouse Electric Company in Pittsburgh
and there suffered a horrible laboratory accident, losing both hands and
forearms. He continued to work for Westinghouse, teaching mathematics,
and went on to earn a Ph.D. and to pursue an academic career in
mathematics. When he joined the mathematics faculty at Princeton
University, he became one of its first Jewish faculty members in any
discipline. He was immensely popular, and his memory continues to elicit
admiring anecdotes. Editor of Princeton University Press's Annals of
Mathematics from 1928 to 1958, Lefschetz built it into a world-class
scholarly journal. He published another book, Lectures on Differential
Equations, with Princeton in 1946.