Whilst the Kriegsmarine's surface fleet, restricted for much of the
period after 1919 by the terms of the Versailles Treaty, was relatively
small in comparison to the Royal Navy, it did possess a number of highly
potent battleships and other capital vessels that could--and did--pose a
major threat to British interests in the North Atlantic and Arctic
Ocean. Amongst the most powerful were the two battleships--the
Bismarck and the Tirpitz. The awesome power of the former was
demonstrated by its destruction of HMS Hood in May 1941, although it
was itself to be sunk shortly afterward. For Royal Navy planners and
tacticians, the close monitoring of the other German capital ships was a
pressing need, particularly if the Germans were ever to pose a serious
threat to the all-important convoys across the Atlantic and to Russia.
Moreover considerable effort went into trying to neutralize the threat
either by keeping the German warships penned into harbor or by sinking
them.