Viscous flow is treated usually in the frame of boundary-layer theory
and as two-dimensional flow. Books on boundary layers give at most the
describing equations for three-dimensional boundary layers, and
solutions often only for some special cases.
This book provides basic principles and theoretical foundations
regarding three-dimensional attached viscous flow. Emphasis is put on
general three-dimensional attached viscous flows and not on
three-dimensional boundary layers. This wider scope is necessary in view
of the theoretical and practical problems to be mastered in practice.
The topics are weak, strong, and global interaction, the locality
principle, properties of three-dimensional viscous flow, thermal surface
effects, characteristic properties, wall compatibility conditions,
connections between inviscid and viscous flow, flow topology, quasi-one-
and two-dimensional flows, laminar-turbulent transition and turbulence.
Though the primary flight speed range is that of civil air transport
vehicles, flows past other flying vehicles up to hypersonic speeds are
also considered. Emphasis is put on general three-dimensional attached
viscous flows and not on three-dimensional boundary layers, as this
wider scope is necessary in view of the theoretical and practical
problems that have to be overcome in practice.
The specific topics covered include weak, strong, and global
interaction; the locality principle; properties of three-dimensional
viscous flows; thermal surface effects; characteristic properties; wall
compatibility conditions; connections between inviscid and viscous
flows; flow topology; quasi-one- and two-dimensional flows;
laminar-turbulent transition; and turbulence. Detailed discussions of
examples illustrate these topics and the relevant phenomena encountered
in three-dimensional viscous flows. The full governing equations,
reference-temperature relations for qualitative considerations and
estimations of flow properties, and coordinates for fuselages and wings
are also provided. Sample problems with solutions allow readers to test
their understanding.
