Half a century ago, S. Chandrasekhar wrote these words in the preface to
his 1 celebrated and successful book: In this monograph an attempt has
been made to present the theory of stellar dy- namics as a branch of
classical dynamics - a discipline in the same general category as
celestial mechanics. [ ... ] Indeed, several of the problems of modern
stellar dy- namical theory are so severely classical that it is
difficult to believe that they are not already discussed, for example,
in Jacobi's Vorlesungen. Since then, stellar dynamics has developed in
several directions and at var- ious levels, basically three viewpoints
remaining from which to look at the problems encountered in the
interpretation of the phenomenology. Roughly speaking, we can say that a
stellar system (cluster, galaxy, etc.) can be con- sidered from the
point of view of celestial mechanics (the N-body problem with N 1),
fluid mechanics (the system is represented by a material con- tinuum),
or statistical mechanics (one defines a distribution function for the
positions and the states of motion of the components of the system).