In this book we have attempted to confront a number of issues that are
intimately related to the theoretical basis of behavior therapy. We
believe that behavior therapy is an extremely efficient procedure for
the treatment of neurotic disorders; that it is based on certain
principles derived from learning theory; and that it is unique in using
basic scientific principles in psychology in the service of applied and
practical ends. We believe that we are here dealing with much more than
the advantageous use of serendipitous borrowings from nonexistent
principles, the cookbook collection of precepts, methods, and working
rules that happen to have lasting effects. We also believe that there is
truly a general principle unde. rlying behavior therapy, rather than a
varied mass of nonintegrated therapies that have little in common other
than a name. These beliefs are often contes ted, but usually those who
oppose them do so on the basis of misconceptions and misunderstandings
that indicate a lack of knowledge of fundamental facts. It is the
purpose of this book to remove these misconceptions and
misunderstandings, and to bring up to date our knowledge in certain
fundamental areas of learning theory, behavior therapy, and the
biological foundations of per- sonality and individual differences.
There are three major groups of misconceptions and misunderstandings.
The first of these relates to beliefs held by many psychiatrists and
cognitive psychologists relating to behavior therapy.