This book clarifies several ambiguous arguments and claims in finance
and the theory of the firm. It also serves as a bridge between
derivatives, corporate finance and the theory of the firm. In addition
to mathematical derivations and theories, the book also uses anecdotes
and numerical examples to explain some unconventional concepts. The main
arguments of the book are: (1) the ownership of the firm is not a valid
concept, and firms' objectives are determined by entrepreneurs who can
innovate to earn excess profits; (2) the Modigliani-Miller capital
structure irrelevancy proposition is a restatement of the Coase theorem,
and changes in the firm's debt-equity ratio will not affect
equity-holders' wealth (welfare), and equity-holders' preferences toward
risk (or variance) are irrelevant; (3) all firms' resources are options,
and every asset is both a European call and a put option for any other
asset; and (4) that a first or residual claim between debt and equity is
non-existent while the first claim among fixed-income assets can
actually affect the market values of these assets.