The Open SpanishPaperback, 16 April 2013

The Open Spanish is one of Black's most direct methods of fighting against the Ruy Lopez. Instead of subjecting himself to the so-called "Spanish torture" of the Closed Ruy Lopez, Black boldly captures the e4-pawn and provokes an early confrontation.Grandmaster Repertoire 13 The Open Spanish provides a complete repertoire for Black after 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6, based on the Open Variation which occurs after 5.0 0 Nxe4. Black's system is built on the principles of fast and active development, and fighting for the initiative whenever the opportunity arises."