An important part of the theory of partial differential equations is the
theory of boundary problems for elliptic equations and systems of
equations. Among such problems those of greatest interest are the
so-called non-Fredholm boundary prob- lems, whose investigation reduces,
as a rule, to the study of singular integral equa- tions, where the
Fredholm alternative is violated for these problems. Thanks to de-
velopments in the theory of one-dimensional singular integral equations
[28, 29], boundary problems for elliptic equations with two
independent variables have been completely studied at the present time
[13, 29], which cannot be said about bound- ary problems for elliptic
equations with many independent variables. A number of important
questions in this area have not yet been solved, since one does not have
sufficiently general methods for investigating them. Among the boundary
problems of great interest is the oblique derivative problem for
harmonic functions, which can be formulated as follows: In a domain D
with sufficiently smooth boundary r find a harmonic function u(X) which,
on r, satisfies the condition n n au . . .: . . ai (X) ax. = f (X), . .
.: . . [ai (X)]2 = 1, i=l t i=l where aI, . . ., an, fare sufficiently
smooth functions defined on r. Obviously the left side of the boundary
condition is the derivative of the function u(X) in the direction of the
vector P(X) with components al (X), . . ., an(X).