There is now a certain tradition of Anglo-German comparative research on
new technology-based firms (NTBFs). Two of the most influential studies
in this area have both been sponsored by the Anglo-German Foundation for
the Study of In- dustrial Society (AGF). Starting in 1977, the first AGF
project on NTBFs, which was carried out by the consultancy firm Arthur
D. Little, has been one ofthe most important early contributions in this
field (Little 1977). This report was the first public document to use
the term 'new technology-based firm' and to provide a definition, which
despite its operational limitations subsequently became an es- tablished
term in the literature. More importantly, this study represented one
ofthe first serious attempts to survey the existing stock of this type
of firm. The report was critical of the contemporary situation in
Europe. (This is a policy area which continues to be hotly debated, see
European Commission 1995, Bank of England 1996 and HM Treasury 1998. )
It emphasised that, in comparison with the USA, Germany and the UK were
each lagging behind if judged by the rate of formation of NTBFs and in
their total contribution to the overall economic activity of both
countries. In terms of a policy contribution, this study was
instrumental in high- lighting the lack ofsupport infrastructures for
the genesis and growth of high-tech start-ups in two of Europe's leading
economies.