The Golgi apparatus (GA), found universally in both plant and animal
cells, is typically comprised of a series of five to eight cup-shaped,
membrane-covered sacs called cisternae that look something like a stack
of deflated balloons. The GA is often considered the "distribution and
shipping department" for the cell's chemical products. It modifies
proteins and lipids (fats) and prepares them for export outside of the
cell or for transport to other locations in the cell. This book traces
the first 100 years of GA discovery from the first published accounts
from Pavia, Italy, in 1898 to the Centenary Celebration in Pavia, Italy,
in 1998 to our most recent discoveries. It summarizes the past 50 years
beginning with the modern era of GA discovery initiated in 1954 and made
possible by the advent of the electron microscope, methods of cell
fractionation and biochemical analysis, leading up to the present era
with almost exclusive focus on molecular biology.