In the span of only a few decades, the finite element method has become
an important numerical technique for solving problems in the subject of
charged particle optics. The situation has now developed up to the point
where finite element simulation software is sold commercially and
routinely used in industry. The introduction of the finite element
method in charged particle optics came by way of a PHD thesis written by
Eric Munro at the University of Cambridge, England, in 1971 [1],
shortly after the first papers appeared on its use to solve Electrical
Engineering problems in the late sixties. Although many papers on the
use of the finite element method in charged particle optics have been
published since Munro's pioneering work, its development in this area
has not as yet appeared in any textbook. This fact must be understood
within a broader context. The first textbook on the finite element
method in Electrical Engineering was published in 1983 [2]. At
present, there are only a handful of other books that describe it in
relation to Electrical Engineering topics [3], let alone charged
particle optics. This is but a tiny fraction of the books dedicated to
the finite element method in other subjects such as Civil Engineering.
The motivation to write this book comes from the need to redress this
imbalance. There is also another important reason for writing this book.