Since the Second World War, the world has witnessed a remarkable
efflorescence of ethnic feeling and nationalist aspirations. Among
Bretons, Basques, Scots, Welsh, Flemish, Quebecois, Catalans, Kurds,
Ibo, Somali, and a host of other communities, ethnic movements demanding
much greater autonomy, or even independence, have sprung up. Originally
published in 1981, this book explores the ethnic separatisms and
'neo-nationalisms' that, at the time, threatened to undermine the
fragile stability of the world order and to annul liberal and
cosmopolitan dreams of world government and a universal scientific
culture. What were the underlying causes of this ethnic revival? Why did
it assume worldwide proportions? Anthony D. Smith claims that to uncover
the cultural root and mental spring of the ethnic renaissance we must
look to the development of a sense of history that first arose in
eighteenth-century Europe.