This book examines the effect of Covid-19 on loan loss provisions (LLPs)
and earnings management of European banks. Specifically, the author
analyzes how the high flexibility offered by prudential authorities and
standard setters in the context of Covid-19 affects banks' use of
discretion when accounting for loan loss provisions. She finds that
during Covid-19 banks use discretionary LLPs to a greater extent than
before Covid-19. This trend is more evident for banks located in
countries that have implemented strong containment measures as a
response to the Covid-19 pandemic. Moreover, while banks tend to
overstate LLPs at the beginning of the pandemic, they do, on average,
understate them during 2021. Finally, examining the direction of
earnings management the author finds that during Covid-19 banks use
upward earnings management, whereas before Covid-19 they engage in
downward earnings management.