This book focuses on gender and civic membership in American
constitutional politics from the adoption of the Nineteenth Amendment
through Second Wave Feminism. It examines how American civic membership
is gendered, and how the terms of civic membership available to men and
women shape their political identities, aspirations, and behavior. The
book also explores the dynamics of American constitutional development
through a focus on civic membership--a legal and political construct at
the heart of the constitutional order. This is a book about gender
politics and constitutional development, and about what each of these
can tell us about the other. It considers the options and choices faced
by women's rights activists in the United States as they voiced their
claims for civic inclusion from Reconstruction through Second Wave
Feminism, and it makes evident the limits of liberal citizenship for
women.