The Bureaucrats (Les Employes) stands out in Balzac's immense Human
Comedy by concentrating precisely and penetratingly on a distinctive
"modern" institution: France's state bureaucracy. Rabourdin, aided by
his unscrupulous wife, attempts to reorganize and streamline the entire
system. Rabourdin's plan will halve the government's size while doubling
its revenue. When the plan is leaked, Rabourdin's rival--an utter
incompetent--gains the overwhelming support of the frightened and
desperate body of low-ranking functionaries.
The novel contains the recognizable themes of Balzac's work: obsessive
ambition, conspiracy and human pettiness, and a melodramatic struggle
between the social good and the evils of folly and stupidity. It is also
an unusual, dramatized analysis of a developing political institution
and its role in shaping social class and mentality.