For nearly fifty years the hard-hitting, mobile Browning Automatic
Rifle, or BAR, served in US infantry units as a light squad automatic
"base of fire" weapon, providing quick bursts of concentrated fire. It
was developed in response to the central dilemma of infantry combat in
World War I - the need for a squad-level weapon that could suppress
emplaced machine-gun positions. Designed by the renowned firearms
manufacturer John M. Browning, the BAR could be fired from the shoulder
or the hip while on the move. Unfortunately, initial production
difficulties and commanders' reluctance to feed the new weapon piecemeal
into the front line meant it was September 1918 before the BAR saw
combat.
In the interwar years US forces used the BAR across the world, from
China to Nicaragua; versions equipped the armed forces of Belgium,
Sweden and Poland. It also became a favorite of notorious gangsters like
Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker, who prized its ability to punch through
police armored cars as though they were made of cardboard. US lawmen
rapidly acquired the BAR for themselves, with the Colt R 80 "Monitor"
variant becoming the official fighting rifle of the FBI from 1931.
At the outset of World War II the US armed forces decided to adapt the
BAR for a light machine gun role. The BAR was not without its flaws; it
was heavy and difficult to dismantle and reassemble, and it didn't cope
well with sustained fire. Nevertheless, the BAR saw action in every
major theater of World War II and went on to be used in Korea and in the
opening stages of the Vietnam War. Brigadier General S.L.A. Marshall's
pioneering study of men in combat revealed the tremendous psychological
boost that the BAR gave to a squad in the field; Marshall discovered
that riflemen were so glad to have a BAR in their midst that they
readily volunteered to carry extra ammunition for their gunner.
Featuring arresting first-hand accounts, specially drawn full-color
artwork and close-up photographs, many in color, this lively study
offers a vivid portrait of this powerful, long-lived and innovative
weapon that saw service with US and other forces across the world for
much of the twentieth century.
