When Philip II ascended the throne in 359 BC, Macedonia was in danger of
being engulfed by wild barbarian tribes to the north and wily Greek
cities to the south. Philip had to expand the power of the throne or be
swallowed up: the creation of a powerful army was imperative. When his
son, Alexander, inherited his kingdom at the age of 20, he also
inherited an army which was truly unrivalled. The Macedonians were
veterans of battle, well equipped and eager for conquest. Add to this
Alexander's supreme gifts as military commander and it is little wonder
they achieved so much.