In 1796, as revolutionary fervor waned and the Age of Reason took hold,
an eighty-five-year-old Massachusetts doctor was convicted of bestiality
and sentenced to hang. Three years later and seventy miles away, an
eighty-three-year-old Connecticut farmer was convicted of the same crime
and sentenced to the same punishment. Prior to these criminal trials,
neither Massachusetts nor Connecticut had executed anyone for bestiality
in over a century. Though there are no overt connections between the two
episodes, the similarities of their particulars are strange and
striking. Historians Doron S. Ben-Atar and Richard D. Brown delve into
the specifics to determine what larger social, political, or religious
forces could have compelled New England courts to condemn two
octogenarians for sexual misbehavior typically associated with much
younger men.
The stories of John Farrell and Gideon Washburn are less about the two
old men than New England officials who, riding the rough waves of
modernity, returned to the severity of their ancestors. The political
upheaval of the Revolution and the new republic created new kinds of
cultural experience--both exciting and frightening--at a moment when New
England farmers and village elites were contesting long-standing
assumptions about divine creation and the social order. Ben-Atar and
Brown offer a rare and vivid perspective on anxieties about sexual and
social deviance in the early republic.