Stereochemistry is defined as the study of the three-dimensional
structure of molecules. Stereochemical considerations are important in
both isomerism and studies of the mechanisms of chemical reactions.
Implicit in a mechanism is the stereochemistry of the reaction: in other
words, the relative three-dimensional orientation of the reacting
particles at any time in the reaction. Concentrating on organic
chemistry, early chapters deal mainly with definitions of terms such as
chirality, enantiomers, diastereoisomers and racemization, complete with
suitable examples to illustrate key concepts. Use of a polarimeter and
associated definitions are described, together with two different
conventions D, L and R, S for specification of configuration. Chirality
without a stereogenic centre, in molecules such as allenes for example,
is also covered. The distinction between conformation and configuration
is developed to include assignment of configurations to di-substituted
cyclohexanes and to the decalins. The conventions E, Z and Re, Si are
introduced for sp2 hybridized carbons as found in alkenes and carbonyl
compounds. Diastereotopic groups are discussed. Aspects of
stereochemistry are explored through consideration of addition reactions
to alkenes and carbonyl groups, nucleophilic substitution, and reactions
(and interactions) involved in the resolution of racemic mixtures.
Additional material is available on the website at www.rsc.org/tct Ideal
for the needs of undergraduate chemistry students, Tutorial Chemistry
Texts is a major series consisting of short, single topic or modular
texts concentrating on the fundamental areas of chemistry taught in
undergraduate science courses. Each book provides a concise account of
the basic principles underlying a given subject, embodying an
independent-learning philosophy and including worked examples.
