Following the presentation ofChina's Agenda XXIin 1994, the Fondazione
Eni Enrico Mattei began a fruitful collaboration with the SSTC (State
Science and Technology Commission) on Natural Resource Accounting of the
People's Republic of China. Among other initiatives, the Fondazione
organised a seminar held in Beijing in March 1996, entitled "Resources
Accounting in China". This volume brings together 11 papers as the
result ofthat seminar. Our main attempt was to compare approaches and
knowledge of specific issues in this area. As far as the approach is
concerned there appear to be some interesting comparisons to be drawn
considering the authors' different fields of expenence. Seven papers are
written by Chinese participants and four by visiting experts from the
West. All the Chinese contributions point out the importance of the
environment in economic development and a determination to measure the
effects as a means to successful management of natural resources. They
concentrate on rather specific issues within the constraints of the
prevailing economic conditions where identification and pricing of
assets tend to be specified by administrative norms. Although the
general framework of the Chinese approach tends to be scientific and
administrative, all papers contain interesting and useful statistical
information. The papers by visiting experts also stress the importance
of taking into account environmental aspects in deriving indicators
relating to economic development. In contrast to the Chinese
contributions, however, they tend to be more abstract and more clearly
based on economic theory.