Basic Issues in Rehabilitation of the Brain Damaged Definitions Because
of the vagueness surrounding the term brain damage, it is nec- essary at
the outset to define the population to which this book may have some
application. Although it is usual to speak of the brain- damaged patient
in a general way, the conditions referred to cover a variety of specific
disorders. In this book we will be discussing only individuals who
become brain-damaged as adults. We will be ad- dressing ourselves
specifically to adults who have sustained demon- strable, structural
brain damage. Those conditions in which brain dys- function is a
possible etiological agent, such as a number of functional psychiatric
disorders, will not be considered. Thus the entire topic of mental
retardation and early life brain damage will not be treated here, nor
the many problems associated with minimal brain damage syn- dromes in
school age children. Modern psychiatric thinking has tended to blur the
distinction between the so-called functional and organic disorders (d.
Shagass, Gershon, & Friedhoff, 1977), but we would ad- here to the view
that the patient with structural brain damage contin- ues to present
relatively unique assessment and treatment problems. Furthermore, the
emphasis of this book will be placed on individ- uals with
nonprogressive, chronic brain damage.