This monograph is concerned with the determination of the allowed rate
ofreturn in rate cases which, in part, determines the rates ofcharge to
customers of public utilities. Rate of return determination has been a
central topic in utility regulation for a century. Recent changes in the
traditionally regulated markets - electricity, gas, and telephone - have
shoved discussion of rate of return determination into the background,
replacing it by technology changes, competition, downsizing,
deregulation, and reg'ulatory incentive systems. These new issues have
made the regula- tory sector, which had the reputation of being stodgy
and uninteresting, an exciting field ofstudy. But rate ofreturn is not
dead. It will playa key role in whatever the new structure ofthe
regulated sector. Separating generation from transmis- sion and
distribution will not eliminate the need for rate of return analysis in
the electric utility industry. Rather, it may well increase the number
of companies for which the rate of return needs to be determined. It
will playa fundamental role in the new regulatory environment. Incentive
systems in the regulated sector may be the wave of the future but they
will use the required rate ofreturn as a benchmark. Rate case will
persist. Most rate cases include opposing testimony as to the "fair"
rate of return or even the cost ofcapital for a public utility whose
rates are at issue.