Modem industrial society functions with the expectation that electricity
will be available when required. By law, electric utilities have the
obligation to provide electricity to customers in a "safe and adequate"
manner. In exchange for this obligation, utilities are granted a
monopoly right to provide electricity to customers within well-defmed
service territories. However, utilities are not unfettered in their
monopoly power; public utility commissions regulate the relationship
between a utility and its customers and limit profits to a "fair rate of
return on invested capital. " From its inception through the late 1970s,
the electric utility industry's opera- tional paradigm was to continue
marketing electricity to customers and to build power plants to meet
customer needs. This growth was facilitated by a U. S. energy policy
predicated upon the assumption that sustained electric growth was
causally linked to social welfare (Lovins, 1977). The electric utility
industry is now in transition from a vertically integrated monopoly to a
more competitive market. Of the three primary components (generation,
transmission, and distribution) of the traditional vertically integrated
monopoly, generation is leading this transformation. The desired outcome
is a more efficient market for the provision of electric service,
ultimately resulting in lower costs to customers. This book focuses on
impediments to this transformation. In partiCUlar, it argues that
information control is a form of market power that inhibits the
evolution of the market. The analysis is presented within the context of
the transformation of the U. S.