Local-regional anesthesia and pain therapy represent two areas of common
interest for all physicians. A thorough preparation in functional
anatomy and general pharmacology, including familiarity with local
anesthetics and analgesics, is considered fundamental background for
further study or clinical application of such techniques. Knowledge of
the mechanisms of action, efficacies and side effects of the relevant
drugs is essential, as is appreciation of possible drug interactions to
evaluate eventual toxic effects. Local-regional anesthesia and pain
management are being increasing used in diverse medical specialties,
including those requiring manual dexterity. In contemporary medicine
correct evaluation of the medical outcome becomes essential, especially
in relation to the cost-benefit balance, not only in terms of the
resources consumed, also and more importantly for the quality of life of
the patient.