We need scarcely note that the topic of this book is the stuff of
headlines. Around the world, political, economic, educational, military,
religious, and social relations of every variety have a racial or ethnic
component. One cannot begin to understand the history or contemporary
situation of the United States, the Soviet Union, China, Zimbabwe, South
Africa, Great Britain, Lebanon, Mexico, Canada-indeed, almost any
land-without careful attention to the influence of cultural and racial
divisions. Preparation of this new edition has brought a strong sense of
deja vu, with regard both to the persistence of old patterns of
discrimination, even if in new guises, and also to the persistence of
limited and constraining explanations. We have also found, however, rich
new empirical studies, new theoretical perspectives, and greatly
expanded activity and analyses from members of minority groups. Although
this edition is an extensive revision, with reference both to the data
used and the theoretical approaches examined, we have not shifted from
our basically analytical perspective. We strongly support efforts to
reduce discrimination and prejudice; but these can be successful only if
we try to understand where we are and what forces are creating the
existing situation. We hope to reduce the tendency to use declarations
and condem- nations of other persons' actions as substitutes for an
investigation of their causes and consequences.