Conditional independence is a topic that lies between statistics and
artificial intelligence. Probabilistic Conditional Independence
Structures provides the mathematical description of probabilistic
conditional independence structures; the author uses non-graphical
methods of their description, and takes an algebraic approach. The
monograph presents the methods of structural imsets and supermodular
functions, and deals with independence implication and equivalence of
structural imsets. Motivation, mathematical foundations and areas of
application are included, and a rough overview of graphical methods is
also given. In particular, the author has been careful to use suitable
terminology, and presents the work so that it will be understood by both
statisticians, and by researchers in artificial intelligence. The
necessary elementary mathematical notions are recalled in an appendix.