A profoundly influential figure in American psychology, William James
(1842-1910) was also a philosopher of note who adopted Charles S.
Peirce's theories as a basis for his own conception of pragmatism. For
James, this meant an emphasis on "radical empiricism" and the concept
that the meaning of any idea -- philosophical, political, social, or
otherwise -- has validity only in terms of its experiential and
practical consequences.
In this book, James tests competing systems of thought in the
"marketplace of actual experience" to determine their validity. In other
words, he examines whether adopting a particular philosophical theory or
way of looking at the world makes an actual difference in individual
conduct. James not only makes a strong case for his own ideas but also
mounts a powerful attack against the transcendental and rationalist
tradition.