Physiology or medicine was the third prize area Alfred Nobel mentioned
in his will. Nobel had an active interest in medical research. He came
into contact with Swedish physiologist Jöns Johansson through Karolinska
Institute around 1890. Johansson worked for a brief period in Nobel's
laboratory in Sevran, France during the same year. The Nobel Prize in
Physiology or Medicine is awarded by the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska
Institute. This volume is a collection of the Nobel lectures delivered
by the Nobel Laureates, together with their biographies and the
presentation speeches for the period 2006-2010.List of Laureates and
their award citations: (2006) Andrew Z Fire and Craig C Mello -- for
their discovery of RNA interference-gene silencing by double-stranded
RNA;(2007) Mario R Capecchi, Martin J Evans and Oliver Smithies -- for
their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene
modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells;(2008) Harald
zur Hausen -- for his discovery of human papilloma viruses causing
cervical cancer, and Françoise Barré-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier -- for
their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus;(2009) Elizabeth H
Blackburn, Carol W Greider and Jack W Szostak -- for the discovery of
how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme
telomerase;(2010) Robert G Edwards -- for the development of in vitro
fertilization.
