Methane and its oxidation product, methanol, have occupied an important
position in the chemical industry for many years: the former as a
feedstock, the latter as a primary chemical from which many products are
produced. More recently, the role played by methane as a potent
"greenhouse" gas has aroused considerable attention from
environmentalists and clima- tologists alike. This role for C compounds
has, of course, been quite 1 incidental to the myriad of microorganisms
on this planet that have adapted their life-styles to take advantage of
these readily available am- bient sources. Methane, a renewable energy
source that will always be with us, is actually a difficult molecule to
activate; so any microorganism that can effect this may point the way to
catalytic chemists looking for con- trollable methane oxidation.
Methanol, formed as a breakdown product of plant material, is also
ubiquitous and has also encouraged the growth of prokaryotes and
eukaryotes alike. In an attempt to give a balanced view of how
microorganisms have been able to exploit these simple carbon sources, we
have asked a number ofleading scientists (modesty forbids our own
inclusion here) to contribute chapters on their specialist areas of the
subject.