Lazare Carnot was the unique example in the history of science of
someone who inadvertently owed the scientific recognition he eventually
achieved to earlier political prominence. He and his son Sadi produced
work that derived from their training as engineering and went largely
unnoticed by physicists for a generation or more, even though their
respective work introduced concepts that proved fundamental when taken
up later by other hands. There was, moreover, a filial as well as
substantive relation between the work of father and son. Sadi applied to
the functioning of heat engines the analysis that his father had
developed in his study of the operation of ordinary machines.
Specifically, Sadi's idea of a reversible process originated in the use
his father made of geometric motions in the analysis of machines in
general.
This unique book shows how the two Carnots influenced each other in
their work in the fields of mechanics and thermodynamics and how future
generations of scientists have further benefited from their work.