Most books about the Irish Famine tend to take Ireland's reliance on
potato for granted and treat the arrival of the deadly blight in 1845 as
merely the trigger event that launched a humanitarian crisis--one that
the British government famously failed to manage. In this work,
considerable attention is paid to the origins and nature of Ireland's
dangerous potato dependency. Although introduced into Ireland as a
cultivated plant, the potato nevertheless had the impact of an invasive
species, disrupting and reorganizing Irish agriculture. Drawing upon
ecology and systems theory, this study provides a detailed account of
the intricacies of Ireland's potato economy built upon an unstable and
unsustainable monoculture that became a cybernetic trap.
When almost the whole potato crop failed in the fall of 1846, what began
as an ecological disaster quickly became a political one. Hampered by
long-standing prejudice and Anglo-Irish tensions, the British
government's various attempts to deal with the humanitarian crisis were
muddled by competing economic and social goals. Among these was the idea
that the Famine represented an "opportunity" to purge Ireland of
fragmented land holding and potato dependency by encouraging an
English-type market-driven agriculture. Changes did occur, but the
government's imperial dreams eventually ran up against Irish realities.
This book provides readers with a unique, in-depth understanding of the
background to the Irish Famine and a detailed account of the crisis, as
well as the immediate and long-term results of the catastrophe. In
addition to ecological and agriculture factors, this work shows how
cultural, economic and political influences shaped British attitudes and
policies. Although Britain's policies reflected anti-Irish prejudices,
it was not the "Irish people" who were the victims of the Famine, but
rather the Irish poor. By the mid-1840s, Great Britain was an
emerging, middle-class democracy imbued with a faith in free markets and
a deep suspicion of the poor, English as well as Irish. The Government's
response to the Irish Famine reflects the problems democracies often
have setting aside class and racial prejudice in order to deal with
humanitarian crises.
