The marine EM exploration method has become a legendary and
complimentary technique to other geophysical methods in the offshore
hydrocarbon exploration. There are two EM exploration methods: marine
magnetotelluric (MMT) and controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM). MMT
is a natural source method, which utilized earth's natural
electromagnetic field as a source field. The commercial survey
applicability of CSEM for offshore hydrocarbon exploration use a mobile
horizontal electric dipole (HED) and an array of seafloor receivers,
which measured the EM fields. Integration of MMT and CSEM data
significantly enhances the exploration efficiency and minimizes the risk
of dry well before the offshore drilling