This book is concerned with the long-run effects of budgetary and
financial policy on aggregate demand and supply. Here the long run is
characterized by the accumulation of public debt and foreign assets.
This gives rise to a number of questions. Will the long-run equilibrium
be stable? What does long-run instabi- lity imply? Is the long-run
multiplier smaller than the short-run multiplier? Can the long-run
multiplier become negative? This book takes a new approach to
macroeconomic policy. It assumes a growing economy, as opposed to a sta-
tionary economy. And it assumes that the government fixes the deficit
rate, as opposed to the tax rate. It is argued that economic growth is
an important factor of long-run stability. Similarly, it is argued that
a fixed deficit rate is an important factor of long-run stability.
Previous versions of some parts were presented at the Conference on
Money, Banking and Insurance, at the Annual Congress of the European
Economic As- at the Annual Conference sociation, at the Symposium on
Operations Research, of the Royal Economic Society, at the Jahrestagung
des Vereins fUr Socialpolitik and at the Conference on Dynamic
Disequilibrium Modelling. I have benefited from comments by Friedel
Bolle, Giuseppe De Arcangelis, Giancarlo Gandolfo, Ulrich Geiger, Alfred
Maufiner, Jochen Michaelis, Wolfgang J. Miickl, M. J. M. Neumann,
Daphni-Marina Papadopoulou, Franco Reither, Karlhans Sauernheimer,
Michael Schmid, Paul Bernd Spahn, Hans-Werner Sinn, Torsten Tewes, G. F.
T. Wolswijk and Jiirgen Wolters.