This book addresses the specialized topic of input-output models for
sustainable industrial systems. While these models are well-established
tools for economic analysis, their underlying mathematical structure is
also applicable to the analysis and optimization of a wide range of
systems that are characterized by linear interdependencies among their
components. This means that input-output models can be used for diverse
networks, such as processes within industrial plants, industrial plants
in a supply chain, or departmental units within an organization. The
models can also be readily extended to interactions between man-made
systems and the environment, e.g. flows of natural resources and/or
pollutants. Furthermore, model variants with excess degrees of freedom
can be formulated to allow optimization and decision-making to be
integrated within the framework. This book examines how input-output
models can be applied to sustainable industrial systems. Each major
variant is discussed separately in a dedicated chapter, and
representative case studies and supporting LINGO code are also
included.