Over the years of cancer investigation a lot of discoveries in this
field were made, and many associations between various biological
carcinogens and cancer were revealed. Some of them are credibly
determined, thus these infectious agents (human papilloma virus,
hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, Epstein-Barr virus, human herpes
virus 8, human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1, human immunodeficiency
virus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, Helicobacter pylori, Opisthorchis
viverrini, Clonorchis sinensis, Schistosoma haematobium) are recognized
as carcinogens and probable carcinogens by International Agency for
Research on Cancer (IARC). The problem is of large importance, since
share of infectious agents-related cancer cases is steadily increasing,
reaching 25% according to certain estimates. It is worth noting that
many of cancer cases are caused by infectious agents other than
conventional ones like HPV, EBV, HBV, HCV, H.pylori etc. In recent
years, a number of significant breakthroughs in the field were
performed, such as the discovery of the microbiota role in cancer
causation.