Impotence. The word strikes at the bedrock of a man's worth. Its
implications far exceed the inability to have a penile erection. The man
is without power-inef- fectual. Ancient statues represented with an
oversized erect penis attest to the his- toric conscious meaning of the
phallus. Magnificent spires, memorial monuments, and the awe generated
by the sight of rockets and missiles attest to the unconscious meaning.
At the medical-superstitious level, men have invoked countless
strategies for improving or restoring potency. They have included
ritualistic dances, concoctions, and mechanical aids. Some survive to
the present. More recently, verbal therapies have taken their place,
ranging from simple exhortation to the uncovering of complex unconscious
symbolic conflicts. Other therapies borrow from theories of learning,
based on experiments with mice and men. The growth of modern
endocrinology, with the isolation of "sex steroids," heralded another
treatment strategy: hormones. Later, engineers entered with sur- gically
implantable mechanical devices. And, most recently, the technology of
microsurgery has offered the possibility of physiological restoration of
a compro- mised vascular supply, a necessary component of erection.