Automorphic forms on the upper half plane have been studied for a long
time. Most attention has gone to the holomorphic automorphic forms, with
numerous applications to number theory. Maass, [34], started a
systematic study of real analytic automorphic forms. He extended Hecke's
relation between automorphic forms and Dirichlet series to real analytic
automorphic forms. The names Selberg and Roelcke are connected to the
spectral theory of real analytic automorphic forms, see, e. g., [50],
[51]. This culminates in the trace formula of Selberg, see, e. g.,
Hejhal, [21].
Automorphicformsarefunctionsontheupperhalfplanewithaspecialtra-
formation behavior under a discontinuous group of non-euclidean motions
in the upper half plane. One may ask how automorphic forms change if one
perturbs this group of motions. This question is discussed by, e. g.,
Hejhal, [22], and Phillips and Sarnak, [46]. Hejhal also discusses
the e?ect of variation of the multiplier s- tem (a function on the
discontinuous group that occurs in the description of the transformation
behavior of automorphic forms). In [5]-[7] I considered variation of
automorphic forms for the full modular group under perturbation of the
m- tiplier system. A method based on ideas of Colin de Verdi` ere,
[11], [12], gave the meromorphic continuation of Eisenstein and
Poincar´ e series as functions of the eigenvalue and the multiplier
system jointly. The present study arose from a plan to extend these
results to much more general groups (discrete co?nite subgroups of SL
(R)).