The rapid increase in environmental measurements during the past few
decades is associated with (1) increasing awareness of the complex
relations linking biological responses to atmospheric variables, (2)
development of improved data acquisition and handling equipment, (3) the
application of modeling to environmental problems, and (4) the
implementation of large, cooperative studies of international scope. The
consequences of man's possible alteration of the environment have
increased our interest in the complex nature of biological responses to
meteorological variables. This has generated activity in both
measurements and in the application of modeling techniques. The virtual
explosion of modeling activity is also associated with the development
oflarge computers. The testing of these models has demonstrated the need
for more, different, and better environmental data. In addition,
technological developments, such as integrated circuits, have reduced
the cost, power consumption, and complexity of data acquisition systems,
thus promoting more environmental measurements. The emergence of
scientific cooperation on a global scale has increased measurement
activities markedly. The International Geophysical Year (1958) has been
followed by the International Hydrologic Decade, the Inter- national
Biological Program, the Global Atmospheric Research Program, and a host
of environmental studies of a regional nature that have all emphasized
field data collection.