Only 15 years ago a conference on dietary fiber, let alone an
international conference, would have been considered an extremely
unlikely, and in fact an unthinkable, event. Yet in recent years a
number of such conferences have taken place at the international level
and in different parts of the world; the conference of which the present
volume is an outgrowth is the second to have been held in Washington, D.
C. This extraordinary development of interest in a hitherto largely
neglected component of diet has been reflected by a veritable explosion
of scientific literature, with published articles increasing 40-fold,
from around ten to over 400 per year, within the decade 1968-1978. Not
only has the growth of interest in and knowledge of fiber made it
perhaps the most rapidly developing aspect of nutritional science in
recent history if not in all time, but epidemiologic studies relating
fiber intake to disease patterns, subsequently broadened to include
other food components, have been largely responsible for the current
concept of diseases characteristic of modern Western culture and
lifestyle. The potential importance of this realization is forcefully
underlined by the considered judgment of Thomas MacKeown, epidemiologist
and medical historian of Birmingham University, England.