This book charts the transformative shifts in techniques that seek to
deliver collective redress, especially for mass consumer claims in
Europe. It shows how traditional approaches of class litigation (old
technology) have been eclipsed by the new technology of regulatory
redress techniques and consumer ombudsmen.
It describes a series of these techniques, each illustrated by leading
examples taken from a 2016 pan-EU research project. It then undertakes a
comparative evaluation of each technique against key criteria, such as
effective outcomes, speed, and cost. The book reveals major
transformations in European legal systems, shows the overriding need to
view legal systems from fresh viewpoints, and to devise a new integrated
model.