This book serves as an introduction to cryocooler technology and
describes the principle applications of cryocoolers across a broad range
of fields. It covers the specific requirements of these applications,
and describes how the advantages and disadvantages of different
cryocooler systems are taken into consideration. For example, Stirling
coolers tend to be used only in space applications because of their high
coefficient of performance, low weight and proven reliability, whilst
Gifford-McMahon coolers are used for ground applications, such as in
cryopumps and MRI shield cooling applications. Joule-Thomson cryocoolers
are used in missile technology because of the fast cool down
requirements. The cryocooler field is fast developing and the number of
applications are growing because of the increasing costs of the cryogens
such as Helium and Neon.
The first chapter of the book introduces the different types of
cryocoolers, their classification, working principles, and their design
aspects, and briefly mentions some of the applications of these systems.
This introductory chapter is followed by a number of contributions from
prominent international researchers, each describing a specific field of
application, the cooling requirements and the cryocooler systems
employed. These areas of application include gas liquefaction, space
technology, medical science, dilution refrigerators, missile systems,
and physics research including particle accelerators. Each chapter
describes the cooling requirements based on the end use, the approximate
cooling load calculations, the criteria for cryocooler selection, the
arrangement for cryocooler placement, the connection of the cooler to
the object to be cooled, and includes genuine case studies.
Intended primarily for researchers working on cryocoolers, the book will
also serve as an introduction to cryocooler technology for students, and
a useful reference for those using cryocooler systems in any area of
application.
