During the second half of the twentieth century, the Arab intellectual
and political scene polarized between a search for totalizing
doctrines-nationalist, Marxist, and religious-and radical critique. Arab
thinkers were reacting to the disenchanting experience of
postindependence Arab states, as well as to authoritarianism,
intolerance, and failed development. They were also responding to
successive defeats by Israel, humiliation, and injustice. The first book
to take stock of these critical responses, this volume illuminates the
relationship between cultural and political critique in the work of
major Arab thinkers, and it connects Arab debates on cultural malaise,
identity, and authenticity to the postcolonial issues of Latin America
and Africa, revealing the shared struggles of different regions and
various Arab concerns.