The 'Air Branch' of the Royal Navy that was to carve its name into
maritime history as the Fleet Air Arm faced an 'orphan' existence up to
1937 when the Admiralty, having handed over control in 1918 to the RAF,
resumed charge of its aviators. The Force was poorly equipped and
dangerously short of qualified personnel with which to effectively
challenge its Axis adversaries, and suffered accordingly in the initial
stages of World War II. The provision of superior carrier aircraft
designs (primarily from the U.S. Grumman and Chance-Vought companies),
and a similar whole-sale expansion in Fleet and Escort carriers (most of
the latter supplied from American shipyards), as well as the personnel
with which to operate the warships and aircraft ensured that by 1943 the
Fleet Air Arm was an all-round, efficient Force capable of independent
combat operations in all the major War Zones right up to VJ-Day.